Entropy and efficiency in laser cooling of solids
نویسندگان
چکیده
The thermodynamics of laser cooling of solids is analyzed. Using the general theory of radiation entropy, the important roles of the optical frequency and the photon distribution function in determining the radiation entropy are identified. The usefulness of a narrow-band approximation is established for a wide range of radiant sources. This approximation is then applied to compare the entropies of different light sources, including blackbody radiation, lasers, fluorescence, and the emerging class of random lasers. Based on these results, the Carnot efficiency for laser cooling of solids is determined for emission fields with various entropy characteristics. It is shown that fluorescent emission is the most efficient form of the radiated field for laser cooling of solids, and cooling schemes based on any stimulated emission process including random laser action are inherently less efficient. The influence of luminescence quantum yield on cooling is also considered.
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